Hypertension or high blood pressure is a medical cause related to persistent elevation in blood pressure in the arteries. High blood pressure does not cause any symptoms; however, long-term high blood pressure could be a major risk factor for coronary artery disease, heart failure, stroke, atrial fibrillation, vision loss, chronic kidney disease, peripheral arterial disease, and dementia.
Hypertension is classified as primary and secondary hypertension. Approx 90-95 % of cases are of primary hypertension caused due to non-specific lifestyle and genetic factors. Lifestyle factors responsible to increase the risk include use of excess salt in the diet, overweight, use of alcohol and habit of smoking, etc. 5-10% remaining cases are categorized as secondary hypertension caused due to an identifiable cause such as chronic kidney disease, an endocrine disorder, narrowing of the kidney arteries, etc.
Our blood pressure is measured by two measurements. These are systolic and diastolic pressure known as maximum and minimum pressure respectively. The normal blood pressure at rest is a range within 100-130 millimeters mercury systolic and 60-80 millimeters diastolic. If the blood pressure is persistently above 130/80 or 140/90 millimeters mercury, then it is considered as high blood pressure.
Our bad lifestyle is mainly responsible for hypertension like poor nutrition and digestion, imbalance of the nervous system, low immunity, accumulation of physical and mental stress, excess workload, suppress emotions, working late, and other factors.