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In recent times, a lot of cosmetic procedures have been introduced. The most important part of cosmetic dermatology is how it is presented on the skin surface. The delivery systems are key to product efficacy that include creams, ointments, aerosols, powders and in modern times, nanoparticles. The major surgical areas of cosmetic dermatology include resurfacing techniques, skin modulation techniques and skin contouring techniques. The chemical way of achieving resurfacing includes superficial and medium depth chemical peels or physical ways include microdermabrasion and dermabrasion. Intense pulsed light, radiofrequency and diodes are other rejuvenative devices that affect collagen and pigmentation. These techniques along with liposuction of the body and face can achieve the recontouring of adipose tissue underlying the skin.

The major products and surgical techniques that are used in cosmetic dermatology include:

• Hygiene products. These include: 
• Cleansers which include bar cleansers, personal cleansers, facial cleansers and cleansing clothes, hand cleansers and sanitizers, and shampoos for normal scalp hygiene and dandruff control
• Moisturizers that include facial moisturizers, hand and foot moisturizers, sunless tanning products, and sunscreens
• Personal care products that include antiperspirants and deodorants, and blade shaving

• Adornment products. These include:
• Colored facial cosmetics that include facial foundation, camouflage techniques, lips and lipsticks, and eye cosmetics
• Nail cosmetics that include colored nail cosmetics and hardeners, and cosmetic prostheses as artificial nail enhancements
• Hair cosmetics that include hair dyes, permanent hair waving, hair straightening, and hair styling

• Anti-aging products. These include:
• Cosmeceuticals that include botanicals, antioxidants and anti-inflammatories, peptides and proteins, cellular growth factors, topical cosmeceutical retinoids, topical vitamins, hydroxyacids, and dietary nutrients and supplements.
• Injectable anti-aging techniques that include botulinium toxins, hyaluronic acid fillers, calcium hydroxylapatite for soft tissue, autologous skin fillers, and polylactic acid fillers.
• Resurfacing techniques that include superficial chemical peels, medium depth chemical peels, CO2 laser resurfacing: confluent and fractionated, nonablative lasers, and dermabrasion.
• Skin modulation techniques that include laser-assisted hair removal, readiofrequency devices, and LED photomodulation for reversal of photoaging and reduction of inflammation.
• Skin contouring techniques that include liposuction: manual, mechanical and laser assisted, liposuction of the neck, and hand recontouring with calcium hydroxylapatite.
• Therapeutic cosmetic dermatology that include antiaging regimens, over-the-counter acne treatments, rosacea regimens, eczema regimens, and psoriasis regimens.

There are different types of approaches that are used in treating myriad conditions that may or may not include pathologies also. The types of approaches are:

Mesotherapy: Originally developed to treat pain and vascular disorders, this method now finds diverse applications. Some of these include:

• Chronoaging: mild to moderate
• Photoaging: mild to moderate
• Prevention of aging
• Preparation for sun exposure
• Smokers

The products used in mesotherapy are hyaluronic acid, polynucleotide macromolecules, organic silicium, autologous cultured fibroblasts, growth factors, and homeopathic products.

Photodynamic therapy: It is a mode of therapy that has been in use since a long time to destroy tumorous skin lesions. The indications for which it is used are:

• Actinic keratosis
• Nodular and superficial BCC (basal-cell carcinoma) when surgery is not possible
• Bowen disease
• Out of label indications include treatment of 
• acne
• photoaging
• warts
• dyskeratosis
• extramammary Paget
• psoriasis
• hair removal
• cutaneous leishmaniasis
• Molluscum contagiosum

Cosmetic cryotherapy: The various methods that are in use are

Open spray freeze technique

Applicator technique

Cryoprobe method

Thermocoupler method

The indications where cryotherapy is useful are:

• Vascular lesions
• Acne
• Sun damaged skin and facial peeling
• Viral warts
• Seborrheic keratosis
• Rhinophyma
• Tattoos
• Keloids

The contraindications for cryosurgery include:

Agammaglobulinemia

Blood dyscrasias of unknown origin

Cold intolerance

Raynaud disease

Cold urticaria

Cryoglobulinemia

Pyoderma gangrenosum

Collagen and autoimmune disease

The major cosmetic procedures performed nowadays are:

Face surgery treatments. These include:

• Rhinoplasty (nose surgery)
• Face lift
• Blepharoplasty (eyelid surgery)
• Otoplasty (ear surgery)
• Cleft lip
• Mandibular/maxillary injuries

Body surgery treatments. These include:

• Abdominoplasty (tummy tuck)
• Breast reduction
• Breast uplift
• Brachioplasty (arm lift)
• Breast augmentation
• Gynecomastia
• Power assisted liposculpture (PAL)
• Scar revision
• Skin flap grafting
• Thigh lift
• Butt lift
• Vaginoplasty

Laser procedures and hair treatments. These include:

• Facial vein removal and rosacea
• Laser resurfacing/wrinkle removal
• Scar and stretch marks removal
• Brown spots and age spots removal
• Laser birthmark removal
• Laser tattoo removal
• Leg veins
• Facial rejuvenation: fine wrinkles
• Laser acne removal
• Hair transplant surgery